激光雷达增量加速,接收端芯片市场格局生变

在近期试驾的过程中,我观察到一个有趣的现象:对于没有配备激光雷达的车型,销售人员通常会强调“纯视觉”方案的优势,称其智能驾驶效果与配备激光雷达的车型相差无几,未来可能会成为主流。而对于搭载激光雷达的车型,销售人员则强调其在安全性上的优越性,如观察距离更远和能够精确感知距离,以提升驾驶安全性。

事实上,今年以来,乘用车领域的激光雷达使用量在持续增加。数据显示,三季度速腾聚创的车载激光雷达销量超过13万台,同比增长147%;而禾赛的二季度ADAS激光雷达产品全球交付量超过8万台,同比增长76.8%。因此,尽管部分性价比车型可能会转向纯视觉方案,但激光雷达在中高端车型中的应用仍然具有增长前景,并将在未来一段时间内成为主流配置。

激光雷达接收端技术比较在激光雷达接收端,目前市场上常用的技术包括APD(雪崩光电二极管)、SPAD(单光子雪崩二极管)和SIPM(硅光电倍增管)。例如,图达通的FALCON激光雷达采用了APD,而速腾聚创的M1激光雷达使用了滨松的SIPM。

APD:在光电二极管上施加反向电压,少量光子即可引发雪崩击穿,适合高灵敏度光子探测。

SPAD:相比APD具有更高灵敏度,仅需要一个光子即可引发雪崩击穿,适用于单光子探测。

SIPM:类似于SPAD,由多个感光单元组成,通过探测光子强度实现高动态分辨能力。

APD通常用于1550NM激光雷达,而SIPM/SPAD多见于使用905NM光源的TOF激光雷达。

市场趋势与自研策略目前,激光雷达接收端的市场几乎被索尼和滨松垄断。索尼的IMX459 SPAD传感器已经被华为等多家厂商采用,而滨松的SIPM产品在许多领先的激光雷达品牌中得到了广泛应用。

然而,随着国内厂商如禾赛和速腾聚创的迅速崛起,他们在推动自研SPAD技术以降低成本和提升产品集成度。例如,禾赛发布的FT120和速腾的E1都采用了自研的SPAD阵列和SOC集成方案,这种技术可以提高产品竞争力。

不仅如此,还有诸如灵明光子、芯视界、阜时科技、识光芯科等国内企业正在积极开发SPAD/SIPM相关芯片,推动技术的本土化和自主化发展。这意味着,在车载激光雷达市场,自研技术的比例有望进一步提升。

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Electronic components buyer

Purchasing department

Tongzhou District, Beijing

Job responsibility

1, according to the requirements of the company and customers accurately and quickly find the advantageous source of goods; 2. Completed procurement tasks according to plan, including: inquiry, price comparison, timely tracking of purchase orders, follow-up of delivery, abnormal handling of materials, etc.; 3, timely understand the needs of the sales team and determine the needs, make procurement plans; 4. Develop, review, manage suppliers and maintain relations with them; 5, have a strong interest in electronic components procurement, outgoing personality, quick thinking, responsible, with good professional ethics, can reduce procurement costs through various measures.

Job requirements

1, college degree or above, more than 1 year related electronic components procurement experience is preferred; 2, familiar with the procurement process, good communication skills, negotiation skills and cost awareness; 3, good language expression and interpersonal skills, can work under pressure; 4, cheerful and lively personality, flexible thinking, independent problem solving ability; 5, integrity, with good professional ethics and team spirit.